Abreviações usadas em e-mails (text messaging - e-mail shortcuts)

Quem usa muito e-mail, mensagens instantâneas e outras formas de comunicação em rede, sabe como as abreviações ajudam na hora de escrever uma mensagem. Elas foram criadas para otimizar o espaço da mensagem e o tempo na digitação e logo se tornaram populares. Quem não usa ou não conhece pelo menos umas duas delas? Acho uma boa, porém,  há quem não goste dessa linguagem, prefere escrever tudinho pra não ter que ficar decifrando o texto.
Mas pra você que quer saber mais, aí segue uma seleção destas abreviações para ampliar seu "vocabulário"!

  
2B or not 2B: To be or not to be
2moro: Tomorrow
2nite: Tonight
AAYF: As always, Your friend
ABT2: About to

AFK: away from keyboard
AIGHT: All right
AKA: Also known as
ALOL: Actually Laughing out loud
AML: All my love                                                                                                      
ASAP: As soon as possible
B/C: Because
B4N: Bye for now
B4YKI: Before you know it
B4: Before
BAK: Back at my keyboard
BB: Be back
BB4N: Bye-bye for now
BBL: Be back later
BD: Big deal
BF: Best Friend
BFF: Best Friends forever
BFFAE: Best friend forever and ever                                        
BFFTTE: Best friends forever 'till the end
BI5: Back in five
BIF: Before I forget
BRB: Be right back
BTA: But then Again
BTW: By the way
BTWITIAILWU: By the way I think I'm in love with you
BWDIK: But what do I know
C U L8R: See you later
CMU: Crack me up
COS: Change of subject
CSL: Can't stop laughing
CYA: See ya
Def: Definitely
DGTG: Don't go there girlfriend
DIY: Do it yourself
DKDC: Don't know don't care
DND: Do not disturb
DUST: Did you see that?
ETA: Estimated time of arrival
EZ: Easy
F2F: Face to face
FAWC: For anyone who cares
FF: Friends forever
FMTYEWTK: Far more than you ever wanted to know
FOAF: Friend of a friend
FTR: For the record
FWD: Forward
FYI: For your information
FYSBIGTBABN: Fasten your seatbelts it's going to be a bumpy tonight
G2G: Got to go
GF: Girlfriend
GFI: Go for it
GG: Gotta go
GL: Good Luck
GNBLFY: Got nothing but love for you
GOI: Get over it
GR8: Great
Grats: Congratulations
GRRRR: Growling
GTG: Got to go
HB: Hurry Back
HIG: How`s it going?
HO: Hold on
HSIK: How should I know?
IDC: I don't care

IMO: in my opinion
IYD: In your dreams
IDGI: I don't get it
IYD: In your dreams
IDGI: I don't get it
IDK: I don't care
IDM: It doesn't matter
ILU: I love you
ILY: I love you
IM: Instant Messaging
JK: Just kidding
JP: Just playing
JW: Just wondering
K: OK
KK: OK
KMP: Keep me posted
L8R G8R: Later Gator

LMK: Let me know
LOL: Laughing out loud
LYL: Love you lots
LYLAB: Love you like a brother
LYLAS: Love you like a sister
MIA: MIssing in action
MLAS: My lips are sealed
MYOB: Mind your own business
NDB: No Big Deal
NE1: Anyone
NM: Never Mind
NM: Nothing Much
NMP: Not my problem
NOYB: None of your business
NP: No problem
NTK: Nice to know
NW: No way
OAO: Over and out
PAW: Parents are watching
PDQ: Pretty Darn Quick
PLS: Please
POS: Parents over shoulder
QT: Cutie
QFT: Quality friend time
RBAU: Right Back at you
RU: Are you?
RUT: Are you there?
Sk8r: Skater
SLAP: Sounds like a plan
SUP: What's up?
SUS: See you soon
SWDYT: So what do you think?
TAFN: That's all for now
TBC: To be honest
TFLMS: Thanks for letting me share
THX: Thanks
TLC: Tender loving care
TMI: Too much information
TOY: Thinking of you
TTFN: Ta Ta for Now
TTG: Time to go
TTYL: Talk to you later
TY: Thank you
U: You
U2: You too
UG2BK: You've got to be kidding
VM: Voicemail
WAYD: What are you doing?
WAYN: Where are you now?
WBS: Write back soon
WDYT: What do you think?
WE: Whatever
WFM: Works for me
WITW: What in the world?
WU: What's up?
WUWH: Wish you were here
XOXO: Hugs and kisses
YA: Yeah
ZZZ: Tired, bored

That's all today!

See ya!

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Doenças e Enfermidades (illnesses and diseases)

List of Illnesses and Diseases 
   

Português	Inglês
Alergia	Allergy – I’m allergic to cats.
Amnésia	Amnesia - He suffered periods of amnesia.
Anemia	Anemia – My son has anemia.
Apendicite	Appendicitis - The main symptom of appendicitis is abdominal pain.
Artrite	Arthritis - Most dogs suffer from arthritis as they age.
Asma	Asthma – His child had an asthma attack.
Bolha	Blister – I´ve got blisters on the sole of my feet.
Bronquite	Bronchitis – I’ve had bronchitis three times in my life.
Calafrios	Chills – I have chills and a cold.
Catapora	Chickenpox – I had chickenpox when I was a kid.
Caxumba	Mumps - Children with mumps usually also get a fever and headache.
Cólicas	Cramps – Girls usually have cramps on their periods.
Congestão nasal	Nasal congestion -  I can't go to sleep because of nasal congestion.
Conjuntivite	Conjunctivitis – I had conjunctivitis a few months ago.
Corte	Cut -  I have a cut in my finger.
Diabetes	Diabetes – My mom has diabetes.
Disenteria	Dysentery - A few days ago I got dysentery.
Doença	Illness - I'm dealing with a serious family illness
Doença de Parkinson	Parkinson’s Disease ou Parkinsonism - My uncle was affected by parkinson's disease.
Doente	Sick – I´m worried because he´s been sick over a week.
Dor	Ache - Most of us experience aches and pains.
Dor de cabeça	Headache – I usually have headaches twice a week.
Dor de dente	Toothache – I had a terrible toothache last night.
Dor de estômago	Stomachache – I suffer from stomachache after eating fast food or fried food.
Dor de garganta	Sore troat – I can´t drink cold soda because I have a terrible sore throat.
Dor de ouvido	Earache - I have an earache in both ears
Dor nas costas	Backache – I had chronic backaches when I was pregnant.
Enjôo	Nausea – I had nausea in the first half of pregnancy.
Enxaqueca	Migraine - More than 29.5 million Americans suffer from migraine.
Espirrar	Sneeze – Does dust make you sneeze?
Ferida	Wound - My cat has an open wound with pus coming out.
Fratura	Fracture - He had multiple fractures to the skull.
Gastrite	Gastritis – You need to follow a good diet for gastritis.
Gripe	Flu ou Influenza – I got a flu last winter.
Hipertensão	High blood pressure – You need to learn how to control your HBP.
Inchado	Swollen – I wake up in the mornings and my hands are swollen.
Infarto	Heart attack – He died of a heart attack.
Uma Infecção	An infecction - Some guy in my school had an infection for 3 months.
Infecção de garganta	Strep throat - Strep throat is very common among kids and teens.
Infecção de ouvido	Ear infection - Ear infections are common among kids and, often, painful.
Labirintite	Labyrinthitis - I have had labyrinthitis for 2 years now.
Lúpus	Lupus – My mom and my aunt died from lupus.
Mal de Alzheimer	Alzheimer’s Disease - My grandma has had Alzheimer's disease for years.
Osteoporose	Osteoporosis - My grandma has had osteoporosis for most of her life.
Picada de inseto	Insect bite – I had a bad reaction to an insect bite.
Queimadura solar	Sunburn - I got a full body sunburn from being at the ocean all day.
Resfriado	Cold – I had a terrible cold last winter.
Reumatismo	Rheumatism - My brother has had rheumatism for about five years now.
Rinite	Rhinitis - Patients who develop allergic rhinitis frequently have a family history
Rubéola	German Measles - If you had german measles can you get chicken pox?
Sarampo	Measles - You get measles from someone who has got measles
SIDA	AIDS - How many teenagers in the US got AIDS?
Síndrome de Down	Down’s Syndrome - About half of babies with Down syndrome are born with heart defects.
Sinusite	Sinusitis - If you have sinusitis you have to go to a doctor.
Tendinite	Tendinitis ou Tendonitis - Tendinitis means inflammation of a tendon.
Tontura	Dizzy - I felt dizzy for an entire day and I went to the hospital.
Torcer	Sprain – I think I sprained my ankle when I was playing soccer.
Tosse	Cough – Why do I always cough when I go to bed?
Um machucado (roxo)	A bruise – I fell off the chair and got a bruise.
Uma inflamação	An inflammation - You do not have to be old to have chronic inflammation.
Urticária	Urticaria - I have attacks of urticaria.
Varíola	Smallpox –  I got a short notice deployment and I had to get my smallpox vaccination.
Vertigem	Vertigo - If you have vertigo, you may feel like you are moving or spinning.
Vitiligo	Vitiligo - We have vitiligo in the family

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Significado dos verbos modais (modal verbs:meanings)

Os modais são divididos em dois grupos:
Um tem a ver com grau de certeza, ele pode dizer que uma situação é certa, provável, possível ou impossível.
Já o outro grupo tem a ver com obrigação, liberdade para agir e outras idéias similares; eles podem dizer que alguém é obrigado a fazer algo, que alguém é capaz de fazer alguma coisa, que algo é proibido ou permitido.
Quanto a sua forma, devemos usar: modal + verbo no infinitivo sem "to"
Take a loook!

1. Probabilidade/ Possibilidade (should / may / ought to)
- She should/ought to be here soon.
- The water may not be warm enough to swim.
- It shouldn´t/oughtn´t to be difficult to get there.

2. Pouca Probabilidade (might / could)
- I might see you again - who knows?
- Things might not be as bad as they seem.
- We could all be millionaires one day.

3. Possibilidade teórica (may / can)
- Small children may have difficulty in understanding abstract ideas.
- New England can be very warm in September.

Obrigação e Liberdade de ação  
Os verbos modais podem expressar vários aspectos de obrigação e liberdade. O uso destes modais é muito importante em expressões de pedidos formais, sugestões, convites e instruções.

1. Obrigação ou dever, dar ordens, dizer que algo é importante (must)
- You must study for the test tomorrow.
- I must get a visa to travel to the USA.
- She must arrive at 8 am for the meeting.
- I´m getting tired. I must go home now.

2. Proibição (must not / cannot / may not)
- Students must not use the staff car park.
- Books may not be taken out of the library.
- You can´t come in here.

3. Recomendação, conselho (should / had better / ought to) 
- You should try to work harder.
- She should stop smoking.
- She really ought to wash her hair.
- That child had better start saying thank-you for things.

4. Permissão (can - informal/ may - formal)
- Can I borrow your keys?
- Can I talk to you now?
- Can I have some sugar?
- May we use the phone?
- May I come in?

5. Habilidade (can)
- I can swim very well.
- She can play the piano and the sax.
- Can you ride a bike?
 - She can speak five languages.

That´s all folks!
See ya!

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Preposições de tempo (Prepositions of time)

 

Hello, folks!
Hoje veremos as preposições de tempo, são elas:

1. IN, ON, AT
IN:
- períodos do dia: in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening
- meses: in January, in April, in December
- estações do ano: in the summer, in the winter, in the fall
- anos: in 1998, in 2010, in 1856.

ON:
- dias da semana: on Sunday, on Tuesday, on Friday night, on weekends, on weekdays
- datas: on Christmas day, on her birthday, on November 15th

AT:
- horas: at 3 o'clock, at 11 a.m., at 9:30
- refeições e horário de refeições: at breakfast, at lunchtime, at teatime, at dinner

Exceções: 
> at night   -  in the night 
> at Christmas  (sem day) ou on Christmas day


2. As seguintes palavras podem ser usadas para substituir in, on, at:
THIS(este/esta/neste/nesta), NEXT(próximo), LAST(último/passado), EVERY(todo, toda)


I´m going home                in April.
                                       this April.
I´m playing tennis             on Wednesday.
                                       next Wednesday.
She left                            on the weekend.
                                       last weekend.
He visits Mary                 on Saturdays.
                                       every Saturday.

3. Para períodos, usamos from ... to (de ... a):
- I´m staying at the beach from Friday to Sunday (Ficarei na praia de Sexta a Domingo)
- We have a coffee break from three thirty to four o'clock. (Temos um intervalo das 3:30 às 4:00)
- The museum is open from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. (O museu está aberto das 10:00 às 17:00)

4. From (a partir de)
- We´ll be on vacation from Monday. (Estaremos de férias a partir de Segunda)
- I´ll be at home from 6 p.m. (Estarei em casa a partir das 18h)

That's all.
See ya!

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Partes do corpo (parts of the body)

Visual Webster Dictionary

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Videos com erros: Ugly Betty e Brothers and Sisters

Todo mundo comete erros, até mesmo os falantes nativos. Veja estas duas cenas de Ugly Betty e Brothers&Sisters:

Nesse trecho, Betty primeiro diz:  "yes, I do", que está errado porque na pergunta havia to be "you are". Mas logo em seguida ela se corrige: "Yes, I am."

Já nesse vídeo não houve correção. A mãe diz: "Your brothers and sisters have confirmed."  Ela responde: "They did?" - o correto seria "They have?"

Então folks não tenham medo de errar, se até os nativos cometem erros, o importante é falar e ser capaz de se corrigir quando necessário.

See you!
videos: prof. Carlos Gontow

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